Back to the Basics of Electoral Politics
July 24, 2008The media is filled with numerous polls which purport to demonstrate that Obama is ahead here, McCain there, Obama leads among Latino voters, and so on.
Perhaps it’s time to refresh our memories about the Constitutional system for selecting a President of the United States.
The President is not elected by a direct popular vote. Rather, individuals called Electors, who hold their positions according to the rules established by the State Legislatures, elect a President. There is no specific constitutional “right” of an individual American citizen to vote directly for a candidate of his or her choice. Instead, as individuals, we vote for a slate of electors.
The system is complicated, cumbersome, and widely misunderstood. The link at the beginning of the preceding paragraph, which will take you to Wikipedia, explains the system as well as any other source.
In a nutshell, each state has a number of electoral votes equal to the total of their combined number of Senators and Representatives in the federal Congress. Thus, California with two Senatorial and 53 Representational seats has 55 electoral votes for President.
In addition to the total number of states’ votes, the District of Columbia is entitled to three electoral votes under the 23rd Amendment to the Constitution.
The total number of electoral votes for the 50 states and the District in 2008 is thus 538. To become the President, a candidate would require a majority of those votes, or 269 + 1, for a total of 270 electoral votes.
Basic 8th Grade Civics class stuff. But it’s important to remember because the polls can be misleading. A better gauge of how a candidate stands can be found by examining the current estimated state by state electoral vote breakout.
Here’s one excellent site, complete with an electoral map and supporting data in tabular form. According to this site, Obama leads in the solid electoral vote category 153 to 99.
In terms of states leaning toward one candidate or the other, Obama leads in that category as well with 85 to McCain’s 64. There are 137 tossup states.
Keep in mind that this is early in the game. The map will change, and other “experts” may have other visions of the electoral vote distribution.
But primarily keep your eye on Electoral College politics rather than side matter such as polls and trips to foreign countries.
Politics is pragmatic. In this game, idealism is for the untutored.
Posted by Angelo Saxon